CHAPTER VI: CHIP IN OHIO
History and Implementation
Ohio’s Medicaid program for children, called Healthy Start, is administered
by the Ohio Department of Human Services (ODHS). When Title XXI was enacted,
the state agency already had the necessary statutory and spending authority
to expand Healthy Start.
After Congress passed Title XXI, Ohio submitted two amendments to its
Medicaid State Plan as well as a CHIP Plan. Using Title XXI to cover uninsured
children and Title XIX1
to provide wraparound services for under-insured children, Ohio developed
a more comprehensive health insurance system. Since the State Legislature
had already given ODHS statutory authority to expand Medicaid, there was
little legislative debate on CHIP’s first phase. (See Figure 1).
Figure 1: Children Ineligible for
for CHIP2 Pass
through for a Title XIX Eligibility Determination

When children who are under 150 percent FPL apply for health insurance,
ODHS checks to determine if they have had access to private health coverage.
All children who meet program eligibility and get coverage through Healthy
Start are tracked and coded differently depending on their insurance status:
-
Children who have no coverage qualify for CHIP and the state receives a
70 percent match from Title XXI.
-
Children who now have or had access to private insurance qualify for Healthy
Start and the state receives a 60 percent match from Medicaid.
-
By using a Combined Programs Application (CPA), the distinction between
CHIP and Healthy Start is invisible to families. The benefits packages
are the same and so are the providers. Medicaid contracts with licensed
private sector managed care plans in all major urban areas of the state.
Consequently, many Healthy Start children receive their care through a
private health insurance plan and even have the same membership cards.
Ohio is implementing its CHIP program in phases:
-
Phase I: Healthy Start/CHIP covers children ages 0-18 up to 150 percent
FPL. See Exhibit 1: Ohio Medicaid expansion. Prior to the expansion,
Ohio’s Healthy Start covered children ages 0-5 up to 133 percent FPL; and
ages 6-14 up to 100 percent FPL. There was no Healthy Start for children
ages 15-19. That age group could only get coverage if they were in a family
that received cash assistance or if they were eligible by virtue of a disability.
-
Ohio is a highly industrialized and unionized state in which many families
with incomes under 150 percent FPL have access to employer-provided health
care coverage. Since a child does not have to be uninsured to be eligible
for Healthy Start, (an insured child would be covered under Medicaid),
underinsured children can enroll. The number of underinsured people in
Ohio is likely to be high because of the existence of coverage in low wage
jobs. The availability of wrap around insurance for a limited benefit package
can be very helpful to many families.
-
Phase II: The Governor created a Task Force in January 1998 to study how
to expand CHIP to 200 percent FPL. The Task Force had 17 members representing
health care providers, consumer advocates, businesses, state representatives,
public health agencies and private health care plans. They met ten times
from February-June 1998 and then submitted recommendations to the Governor.
Insert Figure 2 Here
-
The Task Force’s recommendations included: an expansion of program eligibility
to 200 percent FPL; minimal cost-sharing expenses for families; and a 90-day
enrollment waiting period. It was also recommended that ODHS administer
Phase II to utilize existing Healthy Start and CHIP administrative structures
and service delivery arrangements. Final decisions about expansion will
be debated as part of the legislature’s biennial budget for state fiscal
years 2000 and 2001.
-
State officials estimate that 40,000 children will be eligible for the
Healthy Start/Phase II, but believe that only 50 percent of that population
will actually enroll.
-
In addition to sharing providers, it is likely that the benefit package
offered to Phase II enrollees will closely resemble the Healthy Start benefits.
However, families who enroll their children in the expanded Phase II will
likely pay co-payments for the same services that children under 150 percent
FPL will receive free. The amounts of co-payments, as well as other details,
remain undetermined.
-
ODHS officials already had contracts with managed care plans to serve families
and children covered by Medicaid. When the Healthy Start expansion group
was added, ODHS’ contracted actuary, Deloitte and Touche helped ODHS revisit
the rates to reflect the new population.
Federal/State Financing
-
Ohio’s Title XXI allocation of Federal funds in the first year was $115
million.
-
The state match rate is 29 percent.
-
The state share will be $8.8 million.
Current Enrollment
-
Between January and December 1998, 85,257 children were enrolled for the
Healthy Start expansion and CHIP program. By June 1999, the maximum number
of children enrolled is expected to be 133,000. Approximately 67 percent
of eligible children in December 1998 entered the CHIP program (i.e., they
previously had no health insurance).
-
To date, 13 private plans participate in Healthy Start and CHIP. Among
Ohio’s 88 counties, 16 are covered by managed care and nearly 60 percent
of the current Healthy Start population are located in those counties.
Each provider is required to submit utilization, encounter and quality
assurance data to the state.
Key Factors for Ohio’s Implementation
-
The Medicaid expansion sped implementation. Because Ohio chose to do a
Medicaid expansion, they were able to use existing administrative structures
and service delivery arrangements to minimize administrative costs of CHIP
and combine outreach efforts.
-
Timing was helpful. When Title XXI was enacted, the Department of Human
Services already had legislative authority to expand Medicaid so they were
able to establish the first phase of the program quickly and efficiently.
-
Applications by phone accelerated enrollments. Ohio offers a toll-free
consumer hotline with evening and weekend hours to make it easy for families
to get information about Healthy Start and CHIP and apply by phone.
-
Welfare reform fund facilitated county outreach. Ohio allocated most of
its enhanced Federal matching funds available under the Personal Responsibility
and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) to counties in order to
generate community-specific outreach. PRWORA funds target those at risk
of loosing or not gaining Medicaid coverage, which includes children potentially
eligible for Healthy Start.
-
Mail-in applications helped parents. Ohio uses a simplified two-page Healthy
Start application that can be mailed in so parents do not have to apply
at a government office.
Outreach
State Approach
Ohio combines state and community-level outreach strategies. The 88
counties in the state have the opportunity to develop customized outreach
plans while state-level efforts are also underway.
Key Players and Administration
-
Ohio Department of Human Services (ODHS)
-
Local community efforts involving advocates, county commissioners, departments
of health, and providers.
Ohio Department of Human Services
-
Families and service providers can call a Consumer Hotline (1-800-324-8680)
to receive information about Healthy Start that includes brochures, posters,
and cards with the hotline number on them. The hotline operators facilitate
enrollment by completing applications and mailing them to applicants for
signatures. Applicants sign the form, attach the necessary documentation,
and return the application by mail to ODHS.
-
ODHS is working with many state agencies to disseminate information about
Healthy Start. State agencies that have requested information about Healthy
Start from ODHS include: Department of Mental Health; Department of Education;
Bureau of Employment Services; Child Support Enforcement Agencies; Department
of Alcohol & Drug Addiction Services; Department of Health; and the
Ohio Minority Commission.
-
The Department is also reaching out to non-profit organizations. Some of
the organizations that have received information from ODHS include: Planned
Parenthood and Family Planning Agencies; Head Start Association; North
American Indian Cultural Centers; Salvation Army; and Urban Appalachian
Council.
-
ODHS received a grant from HCFA(now known as CMS) to purchase television time to run paid
Healthy Start advertisements.
-
In the first nine months of the Healthy Start expansion, ODHS partnered
with a variety of statewide and local agencies to provide information about
the expansion and to encourage families to call the hotline.
-
ODHS markets Healthy Start, directly, and encourages consumers to use the
statewide consumer hotline as a resource for information and application
assistance. Within this work, ODHS is sensitive to the fact that local
outreach plans have also created marketing strategies and support structures
for applicants. Attempts are made to have complimentary activities and
messages—but duplication is sometimes inevitable.
-
The Ohio Child Health Coalition recommended that the state organize both
media and school-based campaigns to complement the counties’ efforts to
help ensure more consistency. The Coalition is comprised of the following
organizations: Association of Ohio’s Children’s Hospitals; Children’s Defense
Fund-Ohio; Franciscan Health Partnership Program; Ohio Primary Care Association;
Ohio Public Health Association; and the Universal Health Care Action Network
of Ohio.
-
ODHS state-level activities include conducting large mailings to targeted
populations; overseeing community-level outreach efforts; conducting tailor-made
presentations; providing information to interested groups, and participating
in local level health fairs and community events.
-
The ODHS is looking into enhancing the current Medicaid Web site to include
outreach information.
County Outreach
In order to obtain Federal funds for county-level outreach, counties
were required to submit outreach plans to the state for approval.
-
In FY 1998, 61 county plans were submitted and approved. An additional
11 counties submitted plans for FY 1999.
-
The Department reviewed the plans to ensure that they reflect local needs,
but allowed communities to develop their own customized Healthy Start outreach
strategies.
-
The lead agency for outreach varies among counties (e.g., local Department
of Health, county departments of human services, advocacy organizations
or organizations contracted to provide outreach).
-
Some local outreach efforts include:
-
Many counties have hotline numbers where people can request an application
for Healthy Start. Some counties have coordinated with each other to share
responsibility to operate the hotline numbers.
-
Some counties have contracted with non-profit organizations, providers,
or health organizations to conduct outreach by providing application assistance,
collecting applications, running information lines/hotlines, providing
follow-up assistance to get needed verifications, and developing grassroots
campaigns.
-
Given the amount of local control, some communities have selected different
program names, logos and informational telephone numbers. Advocates and
some state staff believe it can be confusing for families who hear about
different local health insurance programs that may all be Healthy Start.
To address these concerns, some advocates have suggested that the state
develop certain basic guidelines to ensure uniformity among communities
for the program name, logo, and information telephone numbers.
Collaboration with Other Agencies
Ohio Family and Children First Council
-
The OFCF Council is a Governor’s initiative to create local councils of
child and family-serving agencies to coordinate activities for families
and children. ODHS partnered with the Council to disseminate information
about the Healthy Start expansion.
Department of Health
-
WIC clinics’ staff members received information about the Medicaid expansion
and CHIP. ODHS sent a direct mailing to 85,000 WIC households inviting
them to call the Consumer Hotline and/or apply for Healthy Start or CHIP.
Using its database, the Department targeted families that would probably
be eligible. It was estimated that the mailing reached 100,000 children
and the Consumer Hotline reported a tremendous response to it.
Bureau for Children with Medical Handicaps
-
The Bureau for Children with Medical Handicaps (BCMH), the state agency
serving children with special health care needs, is requiring its families
who are at or below 185 percent FPL to apply for Healthy Start. A one-time
informational mailing was sent to approximately 5,000 current BCMH families
who were directed to call the Consumer Hotline. BCMH is now sending information
about Healthy Start to families who are enrolling or being re-certified
for BCMH enrollment.
Child Care Centers
-
ODHS sent a mailing to nearly 12,000 licensed home-based and center-based
childcare facilities to inform both families and child care providers who
may not have health insurance for their children.
Provider Associations
-
ODHS attended over 20 medical association meetings to provide information
about the expansion. Many statewide providers published articles about
the expansion in their association newsletters, including: Medical Association;
Hospital Association; Dental Association; Ambulance Association; and Association
of Medical Equipment Suppliers. Presentations were also made to the State
Medical Care Advisory Board.
-
The School Nurse Association invited ODHS to participate in four regional
conferences to share information and materials. These presentations prompted
many requests to the hotline for written materials to use in schools.
Ohio Churches
-
Working with the Commission on Minority Health, ODHS notified many minority
clergy about the Healthy Start expansion.
-
ODHS sent a mailing to approximately 13,000 individuals affiliated with
the Ohio Council of Churches.
Creating a Seamless Health Care
System for Eligible Children
Presumptive Eligibility
Ohio offers presumptive eligibility only for newborns born to women
already covered by Healthy Start. Ohio does have retroactive coverage for
people eligible in the previous three months, but it does not begin until
eligibility has been established.
Continuing Eligibility
Ohio has a six month re-determination cycle. However, significant changes
in family income or household composition that occur must be reported,
and may therefore affect eligibility.
Simplified Application and Eligibility Decisions
-
Ohio uses a Combined Programs Application (CPA) to enroll children for
Healthy Start, WIC, BCMH, and Children and Family Health Services (CFHS).
The CPA, created in 1989, was revised in 1991 to be more "user-friendly".
The next revision is expected in the summer of 1999. The application will
be two pages long and will be available in Spanish and English.
-
Ohio does not require a face-to-face interview for eligibility determination
for Healthy Start. The application can be mailed to the county department
of human services for processing.
Funding for Outreach
-
Prior to Title XXI, Ohio had decided to access Federal matching funds for
Medicaid eligibility outreach under the Temporary Assistance for Needy
Families (TANF) block grant of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity
Reconciliation Act. The state made almost all of the $16.1 million available
to counties based on the number of their potentially eligible Medicaid
recipients. Approximately $20 million of combined Federal and local funding
is available for FY 1998 activities and comparable funding is available
for FY 1999.
-
To receive the funds, county commissioners had to develop an outreach plan
through a collaborative process with all the community stakeholders, ensuring
that the plans reflect the wishes of the community. Counties were also
required to provide the necessary matching funds. In some counties, the
match was raised through a collaborative public-private arrangement.
Advice for Other States
-
Build evaluation into outreach activities. Any evaluations should be based
both on outcomes (caseload impact) and other measures (e.g., public perception).
-
Create a statewide name and logo for the program even if counties or municipalities
are primarily responsible for conducting outreach.
-
Encourage and fund local outreach efforts that complement the statewide
strategy but are tailored to the specific community.
Crowd-out Prevention
State’s Response
-
Crowd-out is not an issue for CHIP/Phase I because children with access
to health insurance that meet the income requirements are still eligible
for the expansion via Title XIX.
-
Crowd-out is expected to be an issue during Phase II. The primary strategy
recommended by the Task Force is to impose a 90-day waiting period. In
its report, the Task Force wrote: "This period is designed to discourage
a family from dropping their existing child coverage in favor of the CHIP
Phase II plan, by ensuring that the family will be exposed to a period
of financial risk before the coverage would begin."
-
Other recommended strategies to address the problem are:
-
impose some cost sharing for the CHIP plan through an annual non-refundable
premium and targeted co-payments;
-
develop measures and mechanisms to monitor crowd-out; and
-
use an Advisory Board as a forum to monitor crowd-out.
-
The State Legislature may debate these and other Task Force recommendations
of Phase II during the development of the SFY 2000/2001 biennial budget.
Employer Buy-In
Ohio has no provision for an employer buy-in program at this time.
Data Collection and Evaluation
Data for Program Design
-
ODHS and the Ohio Department of Health (DOH) wanted to assess the impact
of expanding Medicaid even before Title XXI. As part of the planning for
the Title XIX expansion, ODHS contracted with a private consulting firm
(The Lewin Group) to study the number of potentially eligible individuals.
Using CPS data, an estimation model was created to convert the uninsured
rate into a monthly number that was used to estimate the number of potentially
eligible individuals under 150 percent FPL. The study estimated that 290,000
children were potentially eligible, but researchers believed that only
133,000 would actually enroll. State officials used these figures to budget
for and plan the Title XIX expansion.
-
During planning for the SFY 98/99 biennial budget, ODHS and Lewin conducted
a series of public forums for input about Medicaid program priorities.
Forum participants identified expanding Medicaid coverage for children
as one of their highest priorities.
-
Additional forums were conducted in the fall of 1997 to receive input from
interested parties about the option of covering children up to 200 percent
FPL through CHIP. The Task Force considered comments from these forums
when they developed recommendations for the expansion.
Data for Program Evaluation
-
ODHS uses data from its Medicaid Management Information System (MMIS) and
Client Registration Information System (CRIS-E) to monitor characteristics
of its Medicaid population. ODHS data staff use MMIS claims data to analyze
utilization and to monitor performance measures. They use CRIS-E to analyze
demographics and caseload trends.
-
Healthy Start and other programs are evaluated through the efforts of the
Office of Medicaid Health Care Quality Program that assesses quality against
standardized quality measures. Examples of activities include: medical
record review; consumer satisfaction surveys; feedback to health plans
and providers regarding their performance; feedback to consumers in the
form of consumer guides; and communication to the public about important
findings. Questions are now being added to various instruments to collect
data specific to the Healthy Start expansion.
-
For its quality measurement work, ODHS faces certain challenges including
how to obtain clinical records from providers; how to improve encounter
data submitted by managed care plans; and how to stay current with state-of-the-art
quality measurements for medical care.
-
Ohio is now evaluating its outreach efforts funded through PRWORA Medicaid
outreach by determining what was actually done for outreach and comparing
it to what was planned. They are also looking at best practices, evaluation
results, and comparing outreach activities and spending to caseload trends.
Other Data Collection Methods
Ohio Family Health Survey
-
The State Legislature created the Ohio Health Data Center in 1993 to collect,
analyze and disseminate health care information. A critical component of
the Data Center’s mission is the Ohio Family Health Survey that will provide
baseline measures for health status, health coverage, satisfaction with
coverage, utilization of services, and access to care. The survey will
help assess existing health care trends, monitor impacts of changes in
the health care marketplace, and evaluate the impact of health care reforms
to provide information to the State Legislature for their health policy
decisions. The first survey was fielded in January-August 1998. The Data
Center plan to repeat the survey in 2001.
-
The Health Survey will also collect information about the uninsured and
underinsured to better understand why families lack insurance. State officials
believe that national surveys do not sample enough Ohioans to provide the
information that they need.
-
The survey instrument was developed by a committee with representatives
from different state agencies (DOH, Medicaid and Mental Health) and the
Ohio State University. Survey questions were developed using a variety
of sources including SF12, Physical and Mental Health Summary Scales, the
National Health Interview Survey, the Current Population Survey, and the
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Detailed information about
the survey and a list of information collected in the survey is included
in Appendix 1.
-
The sample size was 16,261 households, where one randomly selected adult
was interviewed in each home. If children were members of the selected
adult’s family, then an adult family member was asked questions about a
randomly selected child. The income levels for the survey sample were determined
by poverty level. Among the children interviewed, there were 703 living
with families reporting income at 150-200 percent FPL. Of the 5,788 children
surveyed 648 were reported as receiving Medicaid.
-
Among the issues related to CHIP that the survey addresses are:
-
Where is a person employed compared to how do they receive insurance coverage?
-
How do Medicaid recipients compare to non-Medicaid recipients in their
ability to access health care and insurance?
-
How long have individuals had health insurance?
-
When were individuals last uninsured?
-
Why did families who may be eligible for Medicaid not apply for Medicaid?
-
If a non-Medicaid family below 200 percent FPL applies for Medicaid, what
happens to their application?
-
The survey measures access to health care and insurance. It asks individuals
with insurance about their satisfaction with the ability to choose a doctor,
benefits, ability to get emergency care, out of pocket costs, and the ability
to see a specialist. Non-Medicaid recipients with other coverage were asked
whether their plans included mental health services, dental care, vision
services, hearing services, or prescriptions. They also were asked how
much they pay for coverage. Workers were asked whether their employer offered
insurance. All respondents were asked about their health care utilization,
usual source of care, quality of the services they received, and unmet
health care needs. Uninsured respondents were asked why they were uninsured
and what kinds of problems they had as a result of being uninsured.
-
Certain geographical area and subgroups were over-sampled to obtain sufficient
data for point estimates. Oversampled areas and subgroups were: Appalachian
counties (5 counties); rural farm regions (5 counties); metropolitan areas
(9 counties); African Americans; Hispanics; Asian/Pacific Islanders; suburban
commuters (3 counties).
-
DOH’s initial sample was 12,400 households, but other state agencies and
counties were invited to purchase additional surveys. Cuyahoga County,
for example, paid to add an extra 1,000 households in its county to the
sample. Some counties used their TANF dollars to augment the number of
households in their counties’ sample. To encourage counties to purchase
additional household surveys, DOH offered to generate county sampling frames
and is providing the results in cross-tabulations. The data will be made
available to counties that want to conduct additional analysis.
-
The 20-minute telephone survey was conducted in two phases. During Phase
1 (January-May 1998), a few questions were inadvertently skipped for some
respondents, so surveyors attempted to re-contact those participants between
June and August. This second phase also included additional interviews
to meet minimum sample size requirements for African-Americans in several
counties, along with newly purchased surveys for five counties. Participants
who wanted more information about the survey were encouraged to call the
DOH 1-800 number.
-
DOH was the primary contractor for the survey. They issued a RFP and the
Gallup Organization won the bid to conduct the survey. The cost of the
survey is hard to calculate since there were several contributors. The
state contribution from ODH and the ODHS was approximately $800,000, not
including ODH and ODHS staff time spent on the project or the costs borne
by the six county organizations that purchased additional surveys.
-
A methodology report and a clean database were due to the Data Center by
the end of 1998. The first analytical report will present a series of tables
by various categories such as insurance status by gender, race, and income.
Subsequent reports are expected to include uninsured rates by county and
a profile of the number of Medicaid eligible children insured by Medicaid,
insured by other plans and uninsured.
-
DOH plans to repeat the survey in three years to see how health care has
changed and want to provide the data to universities and other interested
researchers to encourage further research.
Web Sites for More Information
For additional information visit their web site:
http://www.state.oh.us/odhs/medicaid/
Appendix 1
Ohio Family Health Survey
Health Services Research and Quality Unit, Health Care Date Center,
Office of Policy and Planning, Ohio Department of Health
Background
The General Assembly created the Ohio Health Care Data Center (Data
Center) in House Bill 478. It was signed into law in January 1993. The
Data Center exists to collect, analyze, and disseminate health care information.
This survey is a critical component to the Data Center’s mission. The Data
Center has requirements to determine the number of uninsured and underinsured
persons in Ohio at the state and county level. It also has other mandates
that require good health care information. The survey should provide this
required baseline and descriptive information.
Additional impetus for this survey is the Administration’s needs for
good information by which to make health care policy decision. In the past
several years the pace of marketplace health care reforms has quickened.
Moreover, discussions in Washington suggest that significant changes will
occur in the administration of public health care programs, as well as
the passage of some incremental health care reforms. Finally, the state
is also looking at reworking how it administers public health care programs
and regulates the private health care system.
These changes will produce intended and unintended consequences. However,
without good baseline information, policy makers will be without an effective
way to determine these changes. They will be unable to evaluate claims
that individuals or groups raise about continuing needs, problems, or solutions.
Therefore, the survey serves the purpose of providing Ohio with needed
baseline data for monitoring the health care system.
Finally, Ohio’s Medicaid system is facing potentially significant changes.
The Medicaid program needs good information about how its population and
its system compare to others. This survey will provide the first comprehensive
set of data to allow for such a comparison.
Purpose of the Survey
Development of baseline measures of health status, health coverage
satisfaction with coverage, utilization of services, and access to care
to allow for assessing existing health care trends, monitoring of the impacts
of changes in the health care marketplace, and evaluating the impact of
health care reforms.
Analysis on specific questions about Ohio’s uninsured population such
as the estimated number of uninsured person in Ohio and by country, the
reasons for being uninsured, the health status of the uninsured, the health
care utilization of uninsured person, the existing costs of serving the
uninsured, and the estimated level of unmet need;
Refinement and validation of estimates regarding the number of uninsured
and underinsured persons in Ohio at the State and county level from state
or national-level data and development of a mechanism for regular updates
of this information.
Comparisons of the health status, access to care, utilization of service,
and unmet health need patterns between the Medicaid, uninsured, and the
commercially insured populations in Ohio;
Assessment of differences in these measures: health status, health coverage,
unmet need, satisfaction with coverage, and with different health status
levels;
Assessment of the relationship between behavioral risk factors and health
care utilization, health care costs, and general health;
Measurement of the extent of movement and reason for a change in coverage
source to another in the past year, whether from one employer-based plan
to another, from uninsured to insured or vice versa, from Medicaid to insured
or uninsured or vice versa.
Sources of Survey Questions
Many of the questions used on the survey were obtained from recognized
sources. For example we are using the SF21 (Physical and Mental Health
Summary Scales), modified National Health Interview Survey questions for
utilization, Census questions for insurance status and demographics including
industry and size of employer, and questions from the Behavioral Risk Factor
Surveillance System, for lifestyle factors.
Information that will be collected with the questions (* information
only collected for adults)
Insurance Coverage
-
Type and source of current insurance coverage
Medicaid
Medicare
Employer/Union
Self-insured
Military or Veterans
Other
-
Previous type and source of insurance coverage if change in status during
past 12 months
-
Insurance coverage of specific benefits
Medications
Dental care
Vision services
Hearing services
Mental health services
-
Cost of insurance premium (employer/union based or self-insured)
-
Number of weeks covered in past 12 months
-
Change in type of insurance coverage in past 12 months
-
Reasons for lack of insurance in past 12 months
-
For currently uninsured last time had coverage
-
Medicaid past or present, length of coverage
Satisfaction with health care coverage
-
Ability to choose doctor
-
Benefits covered
-
Ability to get emergency medical care
-
How much they have to pay for medical services
Utilization of health care services and satisfaction with
used services
-
Physician visits
-
Emergency room visits
-
Outpatient surgery
-
Hospital admissions
-
Dental visits
-
Pap test*
-
Mammogram*
-
Physical exam or well baby check-up (children only)
Access to care
-
Usual source of care
-
Ability to see a specialist
Health status
-
Overall health status
-
Functional status*
-
Mental health status*
-
Chronic conditions
-
Activities of daily living (ADL) for 65 and over*
Personnel behaviors
-
Cigarette smoking (current, former, never)*
-
Physical activity*
-
Height and weight
Unmet health care needs
-
While uninsured
Major medical costs
Delayed or avoided getting care
Had problems getting care they needed
-
Listing of problems getting health care such as medical, mental, or dental
care. Respondent ask to include medications, equipment and supplies
Financial Burden
-
How much family had to pay for medical care in past year (out of pocket
costs)
Demographics
-
Age
-
Race
-
Gender
-
Hispanic Origin
-
Employment (Industry, Class or worker, Size of employer, Hours work per
week)*
-
Family size
-
Family income
-
Martial status*
-
County of Residence
-
County of work (for policy holder)*
-
Zip code
-
Educational attainment*
Sample Size
The sample size is 12,400 households. One randomly selected adult will
be interviewed from each household. If there are children residing in the
household who are members of the selected adult’s family a child will be
randomly selected. Information will be collected for 12,400 adults and
approximately 4,100 children.
Over Sampling
Certain geographical areas and subgroups of the population will be
over sampled to provide sufficient sample size for point estimates to be
reasonably accurate. The areas and the subgroups are as follows:
-
Appalachian Region (5 counties)
-
(Adams, Belmont, Clermont, Jackson, Morgan)
-
Rural Farm Region (5 counties)
-
(Ashtabula, Dark, Huron, Logan, Putnam)
-
Inner City Areas
-
(Census tracks where proportion of population below the poverty level is
20% or greater)
-
Industrial Regions
-
(Proportion of persons 16 years and over employed in manufacturing industries
is 30% or greater)
-
Metropolitan Areas (9 counties)
-
(Butler, Cuyahoga, Franklin, Lorain, Lucas, Hamilton, Montgomery, Summit,
Stark)
-
African Americans
-
Hispanics
-
Asian/Pacific Islanders
-
Suburban Commuters (3 counties)
-
(Clark, Delaware, Lake)
-
Medicaid recipients
-
Uninsured persons
Who is conducting the Survey?
The Gallup Organization of Princeton, New Jersey obtained the contract
to conduct the survey through an RFP using State Purchasing.
Who else is participating?
The Department of Human Services, Medicaid Policy Section (Lorin Ranbom)
participated in the development of the RFP, selection of The Gallup Organization,
development of the survey instrument, and is paying for part of the survey.
A Health Economist for the Ohio State University, in the School of Public
Health (Gil Nestel) has assisted in the development of the survey and analysis
of the results.
For additional information contact:
Dave Dorsky (614) 728-4738
Mary Plummer (614) 728-9579
1 - Title XIX is pre-CHIP Medicaid.
2 - Children with insurance